Skin conditions as a whole are debilitating. In addition to discomfort and even pain, patients face societal judgement and embarrassment.
Eczema is no different. Incurable, unpredictable, and uncomfortable, eczema patients can only hope that their skin condition does not hinder their everyday lives.
Fortunately, Ayurveda offers hope to the millions living with this skin condition. And it does not include harsh chemicals or expensive treatments. Simple dietary guidelines and lifestyle modifications can help you manage even the most volatile skin condition and make eczema nothing but a small blip in an otherwise ideal picture.
What are the symptoms of eczema?
Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition characterised by inflammation, dryness, itching, and a red rash. It often presents with intermittent flare-ups and remissions. The severity and symptoms can vary from person to person, but some of the common symptoms of eczema include:
- Itching- Intense itching is one of the hallmark symptoms of eczema. It can be severe and persistent, leading to scratching, which can further worsen the condition.
- Red or inflamed skin- Eczema often causes redness and inflammation in affected areas. The skin may appear swollen and warm to the touch.
- Dry or scaly skin- The skin in eczematous areas tends to be dry, and scaly, and may develop a rough texture. Prolonged dryness can contribute to the development of cracks or fissures.
- Rash- A rash is a common manifestation of eczema. It can vary in appearance, ranging from small red bumps to larger, raised patches. The rash may be more prominent during flare-ups.
- Blisters or pustules- In some cases, eczema can lead to the formation of small fluid-filled blisters or pustules. These can rupture and ooze fluid, contributing to wetness and further irritation.
- Swelling- Eczema can cause swelling in affected areas, contributing to the red and inflamed appearance of the skin.
- Cracking or fissures- Persistent dryness and inflammation can lead to the development of cracks or fissures in the skin. These openings can be painful and may increase the risk of infection.
- Thickened skin- In chronic cases or with repeated scratching, the skin may become thickened and leathery. This is known as lichenification and is a response to prolonged inflammation.
- Discolouration- Over time, chronic eczema may cause changes in skin pigmentation, leading to areas of lighter or darker skin.
Eczema can occur on various parts of the body, but it is commonly found on the face (especially in infants), the inner elbows, the back of the knees, wrists, hands, and ankles. Eczema symptoms can also worsen with exposure to triggers such as certain fabrics, irritants, allergens, stress, or weather changes.
Factors that cause eczema flare-ups
Eczema flare-ups can be triggered by various factors, and they can vary from person to person. Identifying and managing these triggers is crucial for individuals with eczema to control symptoms and reduce the frequency of flare-ups. Common factors that can cause eczema flare-ups include:
- Allergens-
Exposure to allergens such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites, mould, and certain foods can trigger eczema flare-ups. Identifying and avoiding specific allergens is important in managing symptoms.
- Irritants-
Harsh chemicals and irritants in soaps, detergents, shampoos, and cleaning products can aggravate eczema. Using fragrance-free and hypoallergenic products can help reduce irritation.
- Weather conditions-
Extremes in temperature and humidity, especially cold and dry weather, can contribute to eczema flare-ups. Proper skincare during winter or in dry climates is essential to prevent dryness and irritation.
- Stress-
Emotional stress and anxiety can trigger or exacerbate eczema symptoms. Practicing stress management techniques, such as meditation or deep breathing exercises, may help reduce the risk of flare-ups.
- Scratching-
Persistent scratching of affected areas can worsen eczema and lead to increased inflammation. Breaking the “itch-scratch” cycle is important in managing symptoms.
- Certain fabrics-
Rough or irritating fabrics, such as wool or synthetic materials, can cause friction and trigger eczema flare-ups. Choosing soft, breathable fabrics like cotton may be more comfortable for individuals with eczema.
- Fragrances and perfumes-
Fragrances and perfumes in skincare products, laundry detergents, or personal care items can be irritating for individuals with eczema. Opting for fragrance-free alternatives is advisable.
- Over-washing and hot water-
Frequent bathing, especially in hot water, can strip the skin of natural oils and contribute to dryness. Limiting bathing time and using lukewarm water can help prevent eczema flare-ups.
- Microbial infections-
Bacterial or fungal infections can trigger or worsen eczema. Maintaining good hygiene practices and promptly treating any skin infections is important in eczema management.
- Hormonal changes-
Hormonal fluctuations, such as those that occur during pregnancy, menstruation, or puberty, can influence eczema symptoms. Women may notice changes in their skin during these periods.
- Certain foods-
Some individuals with eczema may find that certain foods can trigger flare-ups. Common culprits include dairy products, nuts, and certain food additives. Keeping a food diary can help identify potential triggers.
- Environmental factors-
Exposure to pollution, smoke, or other environmental pollutants may contribute to eczema symptoms. Minimizing exposure to such factors can be beneficial.
Understanding and managing these triggers can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with eczema. Therefore, it’s important for those with eczema to work closely with healthcare professionals, including dermatologists, to develop a personalised treatment plan that addresses their specific triggers and symptoms.
Ayurveda as a treatment approach for skin conditions
Ayurveda, the ancient system of medicine that originated in India, offers a holistic and personalised approach to the treatment of various health conditions, including skin issues. In Ayurveda, skin conditions are often considered manifestations of imbalances in the body, and treatment focuses on restoring balance through lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, herbal remedies, and detoxification. Some of the key aspects of Ayurvedic treatment for skin conditions focus on:
- Identifying the dosha imbalance
Ayurveda categorises individuals into three doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) based on their unique constitutional makeup. Skin conditions are often associated with imbalances in these doshas. Identifying the dominant dosha or dosha combination is crucial for tailoring treatment.
- Dietary recommendations
Ayurveda emphasises the importance of a balanced and individualized diet. Specific dietary recommendations are made based on one’s dosha and the current imbalance. For skin conditions, certain foods may be recommended or restricted to promote balance.
- Detoxification (Panchakarma)
Panchakarma is a detoxification and rejuvenation process in Ayurveda. It involves therapies like oil massages, herbal steam, and dietary practices to eliminate toxins from the body. Panchakarma can be beneficial for addressing skin conditions by purifying the blood and improving overall health.
- Herbal remedies
Ayurvedic herbs are commonly used in the form of powders, tablets, or oils to address skin issues. The herbs are chosen based on their properties and their ability to balance specific doshas.
- Abhyanga
External application of Ayurvedic oils, especially in the form of self-massage (abhyanga), is a common practice. Oils such as coconut, sesame, or medicated oils infused with herbs are used to nourish the skin, improve circulation, and balance doshas.
- Yoga and Pranayama
Incorporating yoga poses and breath control exercises (pranayama) can help balance the doshas and promote overall well-being. Practices like Sheetali and Sheetkari pranayama are specifically beneficial for cooling and calming Pitta imbalances associated with skin conditions.
- Lifestyle modifications
Ayurveda emphasises maintaining a daily routine (Dinacharya) aligned with natural circadian rhythms. This includes practices like waking up early, oil pulling, and maintaining regular sleep patterns. Consistent lifestyle practices contribute to overall health, including skin health.
- Stress management
Ayurveda recognizes the interconnectedness of the mind and body. Stress and emotional factors can impact skin health. Practices like meditation and mindfulness are encouraged to promote mental well-being and balance.
Ayurveda and Eczema
In order to treat and manage the symptoms of eczema, the holistic nature of Ayurvedic medicine uses a multi-pronged approach that focuses on balancing the body’s doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha), addressing underlying imbalances, and promoting overall well-being. While individual experiences with Ayurvedic treatments may vary, some of the most common Ayurvedic approaches used for managing eczema include:
1. Dietary modifications
An Ayurvedic diet is often the first step towards managing eczema. This is done by:
- Balancing doshas –
For example, for individuals with eczema often associated with Pitta dosha imbalance, a Pitta-pacifying diet is recommended. This includes cooling foods like cucumber, mint, coconut, and leafy greens. Avoiding spicy, sour, and heating foods may be beneficial.
For individuals with Vata imbalances, choose warm, nourishing foods like soups, stews, and cooked grains. And if Kapha dosha is predominant, opt for warm, light, and easily digestible foods.
The emphasis should always be on fresh, whole foods that are in season and locally sourced while reducing the intake of processed and packaged foods, as they may contain additives and preservatives that could exacerbate eczema.
- Avoiding trigger foods –
Identifying and avoiding foods that may trigger eczema flare-ups is essential. Common triggers can include dairy, gluten, nuts, and certain additives. A food diary may help pinpoint individual triggers.
- Including healthy fats and herbal support –
Consume foods rich in essential fatty acids, such as flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, and fatty fish. These can support skin health and reduce inflammation.
Similarly, incorporate herbs with anti-inflammatory properties, such as turmeric, ginger, neem, and cilantro.
- Limiting stimulants –
Reduce the intake of caffeine and excessively spicy foods, as they may aggravate Pitta dosha.
- Mindful eating –
Practice mindful eating and proper food combining to support optimal digestion. Avoid combining incompatible foods, such as dairy with fruits.
2. Panchakarma
Panchakarma is a comprehensive Ayurvedic detoxification and rejuvenation therapy that aims to eliminate accumulated toxins (ama) from the body, balance the doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha), and promote overall well-being.
While Panchakarma is a general approach to enhancing health, it may be considered in certain cases as part of the Ayurvedic treatment plan for managing eczema. Some of the best detoxification procedures recommended for eczema patients are:
Vamana (therapeutic vomiting)- This is a detoxification procedure that aims to eliminate excess Kapha dosha, which may be associated with eczema.
Virechana (therapeutic purgation)- To remove excess Pitta dosha, Virechana may be recommended for individuals with eczema linked to Pitta imbalances.
Basti (enema therapy)- Basti is often used to balance Vata dosha, and it can be beneficial in managing eczema.
It’s crucial to emphasise that Panchakarma is a specialised therapy that should be administered by qualified and experienced Ayurvedic practitioners, and the decision to undergo Panchakarma should be made only after a comprehensive consultation and assessment.
3. Ayurvedic herbs and oils
Several herbs and oils address eczema by balancing the doshas, reducing inflammation, nourishing the skin, and promoting overall well-being. Here are some commonly used Ayurvedic herbs and oils for eczema treatment:
- Neem- Known for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and blood-purifying properties, neem can be used topically in the form of neem oil or neem-based creams.
- Turmeric- A potent anti-inflammatory herb with skin-healing properties, turmeric may be applied topically as a paste with water or combined with oils for skin application.
- Manjistha- Supporting detoxification and blood purification, manjistha may be used internally and externally to help manage skin conditions.
- Aloe vera- Known for its soothing and cooling properties, aloe vera gel can be applied topically to alleviate irritation and promote skin healing.
- Liquorice- Possessing anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties, liquorice may be used topically or internally.
- Triphala- A combination of three fruits (amla, bibhitaki, and haritaki), triphala supports digestion, detoxification, and overall health.
- Chamomile- A calming and anti-inflammatory herb, chamomile tea can be consumed or used topically in the form of a wash or compress.
- Bakuchi- Traditionally used for the treatment of skin conditions, including eczema, it may be used topically after proper processing.
- Guduchi- Known for its immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory properties, guduchi is used internally to support overall health.
- Coconut oil- Renowned for its nourishing and moisturising properties, coconut oil is applied topically to soothe dry and irritated skin.
- Sesame oil- Warm and grounding, sesame oil is used in abhyanga (self-massage) to support skin health and circulation.
- Neem oil- With anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, neem oil is applied topically to affected areas but care must be taken to dilute it as it has a strong odour.
- Ghee- The consumption of ghee is recommended for its nourishing properties. However, it can also be used externally in small amounts.
- Castor oil- Castor oil is applied topically for its moisturising properties. It also supports detoxification.
- Calendula oil- Known for its soothing and healing effects on the skin, calendula oil is applied topically for its anti-inflammatory properties.
- Sandalwood oil- With a cooling and calming aroma, sandalwood oil is used in diluted form for aromatherapy or mixed with carrier oils for topical application.
While the use of these herbs and oils is highly recommended for the treatment and management of eczema, it is always best to perform a patch test before the topical application to a large area of skin, especially for those with allergies and sensitivities to ensure that eczema symptoms are not triggered or exacerbated.
4. Ayurvedic lifestyle practices to support eczema management
Incorporating Ayurvedic lifestyle practices can complement other aspects of eczema treatment while promoting overall well-being and balance. Some of the best Ayurvedic lifestyle practices that support individuals dealing with eczema include:
- Dinacharya –
Maintaining a consistent daily routine is ideal for preventing flare-ups. Aim for 7-8 hours of quality sleep each night by following a consistent sleep schedule. Similarly, eat meals at regular times each day, and avoid skipping meals. Favour warm, freshly prepared, and easily digestible foods.
- Adequate hydration –
Drink warm water throughout the day to aid digestion and support detoxification.
- Stress reduction –
Practice stress-reducing techniques, such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, and mindfulness as chronic stress can exacerbate eczema symptoms.
- Exercise –
Engage in moderate, regular physical activity to promote circulation and balance the doshas. Avoid excessive exertion, especially during flare-ups.
You could also incorporate gentle yoga poses that promote relaxation and flexibility, while cooling breath control exercises may help balance Pitta dosha associated with heat and inflammation.
- Abhyanga –
Regularly practice self-massage using nourishing oils such as coconut or sesame oil. This supports skin hydration and reduces dryness.
- Seasonal adjustments –
Adjust lifestyle practices based on seasonal changes. Protect the skin from harsh weather conditions during winter, and stay cool in hot weather.
- Limiting exposure to irritants and triggers –
Use mild, Ayurvedic cleansers to avoid stripping the skin of its natural oils, and wear soft, breathable fabrics to reduce irritation.
With skin issues, there is unfortunately no one-size-fits-all treatment. This is why Ayurveda is the perfect system to help manage a chronic and erratic condition like eczema.
Ayurveda treats eczema holistically, addressing the root causes rather than just managing symptoms. And with its multi-faceted approach, Ayurveda ensures that while the symptoms are controlled and flare-ups are minimal, the treatment is easy to incorporate, enduring, and most importantly, highly tailored for your specific skin health.
Best of all? Ayurvedic treatments can be integrated with conventional medical care for a comprehensive approach to long-term and long-lasting eczema management.
Want to know more about managing and treating persistent skin conditions like eczema? Visit The Ayurvedic clinic, consult our experienced practitioners, and receive a proper diagnosis and the most personalised treatment plan to help combat skin ailments, leading to a more comfortable and confident you.
